Published in Scientific Papers. Series A. Agronomy, Vol. LXI, Issue 1
Written by Ionuţ Cosmin SFETCU, Elena Loredana SFETCU, Doru Ioan MARIN
Soil tillage consists of technological elements that control weeds by cutting, soil incorporation, plant organs fragmentation and their bringing to soil surface where they freeze in winter and dehydrate in summer. Also, the weed seeds from soil surface are ploughed into the depth where there are no conditions foremergence. In agriculture, weed-produced damage is huge (from 10-20% up to total crop loss) and is reflected by increased production costs, reduced crop yields, and product quality depreciation. The maize crop is sensitive to weeds and the crop loss can reach 70%. The research results presented in this paper were obtained from the experimental field of the Moara Domnească Didactic Farm, Ilfov County, belonging to USAMV Bucharest. The experimental variantson the tillage system were the following: plough 20 cm (control), 20 cm chisel, 40 cm chisel, 10 cm disc, the disk alternation/plough 20 cm disc, 40 cm disc/chisel. The grown hybrid of maize was P0216 (FAO 450). The maximum values for the production of fresh weed biomass and dry substance, depending on soil cultivation, were recorded in the variant worked with the disc (1,942 f.m. kg/ha and 419 d.m. kg/ha) compared to the control variant (plough 20 cm) which resulted in 1,100 f.m. kg/ha and 229 d.m. kg/ha, respectively.There is no direct link between the weed amount and the crop. The maximum yield was recorded in the classic version, 6754.6 kg/ha, while the minimum was recorded in the disc version, 5139.5 kg/ha with a production of 1525.6 kg difference/ha compared to the control.
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