Published in Scientific Papers. Series A. Agronomy, Vol. LX
Written by Iulian Cristian ENE, Marga GRĂDILĂ
High fertilization of soils in Romania, groundwater and intake correlated with biological reserve in the soil creates favorable conditions for growth and development both for plants and for weeds, especially Sorghum halepense. Due to the high degree of weed infestation it can reach to partially or even total crop calamity. The present work is based on studies that were carried out in maize at a farm in Afumati, Ilfov County. Sulfonylurea-based herbicide nicosulphuron was applied post-emergence at doses of 0.8, 1.0 and 1.5 l/ha, when the maize crop had minimum 2 leaves, BBCH 12. The experiments were placed in randomized blocks and observations aimed at degree of effectiveness in controlling weeds and crop selectivity. From observations made in recent years result in a change in the ratio between monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous species in favor of monocotyledonous especially for the perennial weeds. In these studies the observations were made before the treatment (0 days), 14, 28 and at 42 days after treatment. The predominant species identified were: Sorghum halepense, Echinochloa crus-galli, Setaria spp. The herbicide based on nicosulphuron had a good efficacy in controlling annual and perennial weeds in maize crops. At the dose of 0.8 l/ha monocotyledonous weeds were not fully controlled. For Sorghum halepense species the best results were obtained at the dose of 1.5 l/ha. No phytotoxicity symptoms have been shown in the study.
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