ISSN 2285-5785, ISSN CD-ROM 2285-5793, ISSN ONLINE 2285-5807, ISSN-L 2285-5785
 

IRRIGATION SCHEDULING AND THE IMPACT OF IRRIGATION ON THE YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS OF SWEET CORN

Published in Scientific Papers. Series A. Agronomy, Vol. LIX
Written by Milena MOTEVA, Nelly GADJALSKA, Viktoria KANCHEVA, Todor TASHEV, Veska GEORGIEVA, Natalia KOLEVA, Ivan MORTEV, Vesela PETROVA-BRAHICHEVA

The goal is to establish the features of the irrigation scheduling of sweet corn for two irrigation technologies – drip irrigation and sprinkling and to establish their impact on the yield and yield components. A two-factorial field experiment with irrigation of Super Sweet 71,12 R hybrid was carried out in Sofia region. The main-plot factors were A - irrigation technology: A1- sprinkling; A2- drip irrigation; B - irrigation depth: B1 – rainfed; B2 – 50% of the maximum irrigation depth (MIrD); B3 - 75% of MIrD; B4 - irrigation with MIrD, which was relative to 80% of field capacity. The following productionelements were established – total ear fresh yield, marketable ear fresh yield, total ear number, marketable ear number, single marketable fresh ear mass, marketable ear row number, one row kernel number of a marketable ear, marketable ear fresh kernel mass. Plant characteristics were taken as plant height, leaves number per plant, ear legth, tassel length. Analysis of varience was applied to all data obtained. It was established that in conditions of a very dry and very warm growing season, sweet corn needs 3 irrigation applications and 180 mm net irrigation depth by sprinkling, and 5 irrigation applications and 75 mm net irrigation depth by drip irrigation. Drip irrigation creates better conditions for the green biomass development, while sprinkling creates better conditions for the productivity. The yield of the marketable ears under the impact of sprinkling was 11.4 Mg/ha and 62080 pieces, while under drip irrigation it is 9.5 Mg/ha and 57080 pcs. Irrigation had significant impact on the yield and the components of the yield. The irrigation depth had significant impact on the total ear fresh yield, marketable ear fresh yield, single marketable ear fresh mass and marketable ear kernel fresh mass. In terms of the yields obtained, sprinkling prevailed over drip irrigation.

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