Published in Scientific Papers. Series A. Agronomy, Vol. LXVI, Issue 1
Written by Ana GUŢU, Victor ŢÎŢEI, Natalia CÎRLIG, Alexei ABABII, Dragoș COVALCIUC, Mihai GADIBADI, Veaceslav DOROFTEI, Natalia MOCANU, Andrei GUDIMA, Serghei COZARI
The genus Helianthus Asteraceae family comprising 71 species of annual and perennial plants, most of them native to North America and Central America. The species Helianthus annuus, Helianthus mollis, Helianthus strumosus Helianthus tuberosus, which grow in the “Alexandru Ciubotaru” National Botanical Garden (Institute), Chisinau, Republic of Moldova served as research subjects. It was found that the researched species had different growth and development rates, which affected the accumulation of biomass and nutrients. The harvested green mass of the studied Helianthus species contained 78-121 g/kg CP, 67-103 g/kg ash, 251-382 g/kg CF, 288-404 g/kg ADF, 456-604 g/kg NDF, 41-71 g/kg ADL, 40- 186 g/kg TSS, 239-332g/kg Cel, 164-209 g/kg HC with nutritive and energy value 415-681 g/kg DDM, 376-679 g/kg DOM, RFV = 89-135, 11.43-13.03 MJ/kg DE, 9.38-10.66 MJ/kg ME and 5.40-6.72 MJ/kg NEl. The biochemical methane potential of green mass substrates varied from 282 to 333 l/kg VS. The dehydrated stems of studied Helianthus species contained 474-511 g/kg cellulose, 237-263 g/kg hemicellulose and 102-121 g/kg acid detergent lignin with estimated theoretical ethanol potential 523-559 L/tone. The energy biomass from Helianthus species is characterized by 46.30-47.04% C, 5.19-5.58% H, 0.25-0.48% N, 0.05-0.06% S, 0.03-0.04% Cl, 1.56-3.18% ash with calorific value 18.05-18.65 MJ/kg GCV and 16.93-17.45 MJ/kg NCV.
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