Published in Scientific Papers. Series A. Agronomy, Vol. LXV, Issue 2
Written by Iryna HASANOVA, Yanina ASTAKHOVA, Mykola SOLODUSHKO, Oleksandr PEDASH, Olena DRUMOVA, Natalia ZAVALYPICH, Yurii PRIADKO

The current article reports on the research results determining the effect of the sowing time and fertilization on the yield and the physical characteristics of winter wheat grain quality after bare fallow and spring barley. In this article, it has been determined that under conditions of the Ukrainian Northern Steppe, the highest yields of all the varieties are observed when sowing is performed at the middle term (22^nd September). The shift in the sowing time towards the early date (7^th September) or the late date (7^th October) causes the drastic reduction in the yields. In comparison with the other genotypes under the study, the variety of Holubka Odeska shows the highest flexibility in terms of sowing time. It has been defined that locally applied N₃₀ fertilization permits the increase in the grain yield as much as additional 0.79-1.18 t/ha in comparison against the control group plants (without application of any fertilizers) on condition that fertilization is carried out at the end of the plant tillering stage after bare fallow at the pre-sowing application of N30P60К30; the application of the nitrogen fertilizers (N₃₀ in early spring into thawing frozen soil + N₃₀ locally) at the pre-conditioning with N₆₀P₆₀К₃₀after spring barley brings the increase of 2.17-2.47 t/ha. The grain units of the winter wheats planted after the two predecessors increase, as a rule, from the early sowing time towards the later one. The durum wheat of Burshtyn variety has shown the higher values than the soft wheat varieties of Lastivka Odeska and Holubka Odeska. We also report on the positive effect of the plant fertilizing on grain glassiness development in both the durum wheat variety and the soft wheat variety, however, the favour of the durum wheat variety is higher than that of the soft wheat from the standpoint of this property.

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