Published in Scientific Papers. Series A. Agronomy, Vol. LXV, Issue 1
Written by Grozi DELCHEV
The research was conducted during 2018-2020 on pellic vertisol soil type. Under investigation was cycloxydim-tolerant grain maize hybrid Trilogi duo (Zea mays L.), FAO 350. A total of 22 variants were investigated. They included untreated control, 7 soil-applied herbicides by conventional technology: Sulcotrack (sulcotrione + terbuthylazine), Successor TX (petoxamide + terbuthylazine), Acris (dimethenamid-P + terbuthylazine), Deflexo mix (S-metolachlor + terbuthylazine), Click duo (terbuthylazine + pendimethalin), Bismarck KS (clomazone + pendimethalin), Pledge 50 VP (flumioxazine); 6 foliar-applied herbicides by conventional technology: Sovereign OD (nicosulfuron + sulcotrione), Mistral plus (dicamba + nicosulfuron), Spandis (prosulfuron + dicamba + nicosulfuron), Arigo WG (mesotrione + nicosulfuron + rimsulfuron), Collage 64 OD (thiphensulfuron-methyl + nicosulfuron), Capreno SC (tembotrione + thiencarbazone-methyl); 8 herbicide tank mixtures by Duo system technology: Starane gold + Focus ultra (fluroxypyr + florasulam + cycloxydim), Kabadex extra + Focus ultra (mesotrione + florasulam + cycloxydim), Callisto plus + Focus ultra (mesotrione + dicamba + cycloxydim), Magneto top 464 SL + Focus ultra (2.4-D + dicamba + cycloxydim), Peak 75 WG + Focus ultra (prosulfuron + cycloxydim), Permit + Focus ultra (halosulfuron-methyl + cycloxydim), Bentador + Focus ultra (bentazone + cycloxydim), Onyx + Focus ultra (pyridate + cycloxydim). The highest grain yields are obtained by use of herbicide tank mixtures by technology Duo system Kabadex extra + Focus ultra, Callisto plus + Focus ultra, Magneto top + Focus ultra, Starane gold + Focus ultra and Permit + Focus ultra. High grain yields are also obtained by use of foliar herbicides by conventional technology Spandis, Arigo and Mistral plus. The use of soil-applied herbicides Sulcotrack, Successor, Acris, Deflexo mix, Click duo, Bismarck and Pledge in maize crops leads to lower grain yields due to their inefficacy against perennial graminaceous and broadleaved weeds and against the annual broadleaved weed Xanthium strumarium L. Increase in grain yield is due to the greatest degree of increase in indexes grains number per cob, grain weight per cob and 1000 grains weight.
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