Published in Scientific Papers. Series A. Agronomy, Vol. LXV, Issue 1
Written by Sergei BOGOMAZOV, Yuri KORYAGIN, Natalia KORYAGINA, Evgeniya KULIKOVA, Alexander KOZARENKO
The paper presents the materials obtained as a result of the environmental assessment of sunflower hybrids. This rating is used for recommendations for optimal cultivation regions and active introduction of sunflower varieties and hybrids into production. As a rule, environmental assessment is carried out on the basis of the parameters of environmental plasticity and stability. The aim of the research was the agro-ecological zoning of the following sunflower hybrids NK Roki (Syngenta) – St; NK Kondi (Syngenta); NK Brio (Syngenta); Sumiko (Syngenta); ES Amis (Euralis); ES Florimis (Euralis); P64LE25 (Pioneer); P64LE20 (Pioneer); P64LE99 (Pioneer) in the conditions of the Penza region. The soil of the experimental plot is leached chernozem, heavy loamy in terms of granulometric composition. Humus content - 6%, nitrogen 82-86 mg per1 kg soil, phosphorus - 80-110 mg and potassium 110-140 mg per1 kg soil, pH-6.0-6.2. The predecessor of sunflower is spring wheat, after its harvesting, disk stubble plowing was carried out, then autumn plowing was carried out to a depth of 28-30 cm. The weather conditions during the research were different. The amount of precipitation during the growing season ranged from 92.3 mm up to 217.1 mm, and the sum of positive temperatures (above +10oC) ranged from 2115.9oC (HTC = 1.0) to 2365.1oC (HTC = 0.39). The duration of the growing season is 119-135 days, field germination ranges from 90.1% to 92.7%. The sparseness of sunflower crops is 1.7-5.2%. The highest yield was recorded in the hybrid NK Roki-St (2.48 t/ha), and the lowest in the hybrid P64LE25 (2.35 t/ha). Oil content in sunflower hybrids ranged from 49.9% to 50.7%, with a profitability level of 42.7% (hybrid NK Rocki-St) to 29.1% (hybrid P64LE25).
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