Published in Scientific Papers. Series A. Agronomy, Vol. LXIV, Issue 1
Written by Grozi DELCHEV
The research was conducted during 2016-2018 on pellic vertisol soil type. Under investigation was chickpea cultivar Kabule (Cicer arietinum L.). Factor A included untreated control and 4 soil-applied herbicides – Dual gold 960 EC (S-metolachlor) - 1.5 l/ha, Stomp aqua (pendimethalin) - 3 l/ha, Merlin flex 480 SC (isoxaflutole) - 420 g/ha and Pelican 50 SC (diflufenikan) - 250 ml/ha. Factor B included untreated control, 3 foliar-applied herbicides – Pulsar 40 (imazamox) - 1.2 l/ha, Challenge 600 SC (aclonifen) - 4 l/ha and Shadow 3 ЕC (clethodim) - 1.6 l/ha and 1 herbicide tank mixture – Challenge 600 SC (aclonifen) - 4 l/ha + Shadow 3 ЕC (clethodim) - 1.6 l/ha. Soil-applied herbicides were treated during the period after sowing before emergence. Foliar-applied herbicides were treated during 6 - 8 real leaf stage of the chickpea. All of herbicides, herbicide combinations and herbicide tank-mixture were applied in a working solution of 200 l/ha. Mixing of foliar-applied herbicides was done in the tank on the sprayer. Combinations of soil-applied herbicides Dual gold, Stomp aqua, Merlin flex and Pelican with foliar-applied herbicides Challenge and Shadow, as well as with herbicide tank mixture Challenge + Shadow exhibit an additive effect on herbicidal efficacy. Foliar-applied herbicide Pulsar destroys all annual and perennial broadleaved and graminaceous weeds and self-sown plants. Herbicide Challenge is the only herbicide that successfully controls Clearfield and ExpressSun sunflower self-sown plants in chickpea crops. Treatment with foliar-applied herbicide Pulsar leads to high phytotoxicity in chickpea – rate 3 according to the scale of EWRS. Herbicide combination Pelican + Pulsar leads to even higher phytotoxicity in chickpea – rate 5 according to the scale of EWRS. Soil-applied herbicide Pelican used alone or combined with foliar-applied herbicides Challenge and Shadow and herbicide tank-mixture Challenge + Shadow leads to pure phytotoxicity in chickpea – rate 2 according to the scale of EWRS. The highest yields of chickpea seeds are obtained by foliar treatment with herbicide tank-mixture Challenge + Shadow after soil-applied herbicides Pelican and Merlin flex. High yields are obtained also by foliar treatment with herbicide tank-mixture Challenge + Shadow after soil-applied herbicides Stomp aqua and Dual gold.
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