Published in Scientific Papers. Series A. Agronomy, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 2
Written by Galina GOSPODINOVA
Optimizing nitrogen (N) fertilization in cotton is essential for balancing yield, fiber quality, and environmental sustainability. This study examines the response of the Bulgarian cotton cultivar Izabell to varying nitrogen rates (N0, N80, N160, and N240) under irrigated and non-irrigated conditions over a three-year period (2018-2020) in Central Southern Bulgaria. The results indicate that nitrogen application significantly affects plant height, boll number, and cotton yield, with the optimal rate determined at N160 level. Irrigation was the dominant factor influencing productivity, increasing cotton yield by 33.2% compared to non-irrigated conditions. Yield variation was strongly influenced by meteorological conditions, with drought stress during flowering leading to significant yield reductions. Excessive nitrogen fertilization (N240) resulted in delayed maturity and did not further improve yield. The findings highlight the importance of site-specific nitrogen management and irrigation practices in optimizing cotton production.
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