Published in Scientific Papers. Series A. Agronomy, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 2
Written by Olesia DROBIT, Anatoly VLASHCHUK, Nataliia VALENTIUK, Tetiana MARCHENKO, Sergii PATYK, Hennadii IVANOV
In recent decades, the intensity of chemical use in agriculture has increased significantly, which threatens food security, contributes to the accumulation of toxic chemicals in the environment, leading to the destruction of beneficial organisms (entomophages) and soil microflora, and thus disrupting the balance of the ecosystem. Agroecology and organic farming have become priority topics integrated into the scientific and technological approach to sustainable agriculture. The inclusion of legumes in crop rotation can contribute to the restoration of soil fertility and phyto-improvement of saline soils in the southern region of Ukraine, desalination being possible due to natural drainage and carbonic acid root secretion. In addition, the root system of these plant species enriches the soil with nitrogen and improves its structure. This article presents the results obtained in a field experiment with 3 species of perennial and biennial forage legumes, under different technological conditions with the aim of: i) evaluating the phenological evolution and biological characteristics of the growth and development of the studied plants; ii) investigating the impact of their cultivation on the ecological state of the soil and iii) determining the optimal parameters regarding the production obtained under different cultivation conditions.
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