Published in Scientific Papers. Series A. Agronomy, Vol. LXVII, Issue 1
Written by Oana MÎRZAN, Margareta NAIE, Diana BATÎR RUSU, Mihai STAVARACHE, Elena STAVARACHE, Constantin LUNGOCI
The mitotic division, from a genetic point of view, ensures the copying of the genetic message in duplicate, transferring it to the descending cells and transmitting the genetic message from one cell to another within an individual (organism), maintaining the constants, number, shape and size of the chromosomes. In mitosis, the processes that take place are irreversible. As a result of mitosis, each of the two daughter cells has a diploid number of chromosomes (2n) in which DNA is included which gives the identity of the genetic information with the mother cell Mitosis interests in a special way, due to the wide possibilities offered by the karyotype study, a basic component in the identification of species. The mitotic index is one of the parameters successfully used in cytogenetic studies of mitosis. The main purpose of the research was to capture the cytogenetic effects induced by the mutagenic treatments in arahids species (Arachis hypogaea L.). For cytogenetic investigations, radicular meristems obtained from the germination of peanut seeds were used, which were later used to obtain microscopic preparations by the method developed by Feulgen. Following the research carried out it was established that the most pronounced mutagenic effect of mitotic indecision reduction was obtained after sodium azide treatments. In the case of ethyl metalsulfonate and dimethyl sulfate, there were noted increases in mitotic indecin at concentrations of 0.2% and 0.4%.
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