Published in Scientific Papers. Series A. Agronomy, Vol. LXVII, Issue 1
Written by Lorena- Roxana GURĂU, Ioan RADU, Andreea COSOVEANU, Leonard ILIE
Soil pollution is a growing global concern and one of the most challenging environmental issues today, involving the human sector as well. Innovative soil remediation strategies are needed to conserve the natural resources of the environment. Endophytes are present in all plants species, living symbiotically in a continuum dynamic mutualism. Among multiple changing roles, safeguarding the host in terms of increasing resistance to abiotic factors has been widely demonstrated. Following these physiological changes, host plants have beneficial potential in degrading pollutants from contaminated soils. Enzymes produced by host plants along with endophytes may also, degrade macromolecule compounds into small molecules or convert more toxic substances into less toxic substances to increase their adaptability. Phytoremediation technology with endophyte fungi is an ecological alternative strategy that has been documented as a promising technology for remedying contaminated soils. This review article aims to piece together the physiological, chemical and genetical mechanisms employed in phytoremediation techniques mediated by endophytic fungi and highlight the importance of the plant-microbiome ecology.
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