Published in Scientific Papers. Series A. Agronomy, Vol. LXVII, Issue 1
Written by Spasimira NEDYALKOVA, Minka KOLEVA, Valentina DIMITROVA
Under this general name are included the symptoms caused by several phytopathogenic fungi. The negative effect on wheat plants is mainly due to the reduced photosynthesizing area and the accelerated aging of the leaves, which leads to the poor nutrition of the grain, significant losses in yield and lowering the quality of the production. This determines the great economic importance of these diseases and the need for their in-depth study. The term wheat septoria refers to diseases caused by three anamorphic fungal pathogens of the genus Septoria. The fungal pathogens involved in the leaf spotting complex include the tan spot diseases caused by Pyrenophora tritici-repentis, Cochliobolus sativus, Monographella nivalis and several species of the genus Alternaria. An important component of the integrated control of septoriosis is genetic resistance. No complete resistance has been established in wheat to Zimoseptoria tritici, Parastagonospora nodorum and Parastagonospora avenae f. sp. triticea. Over 20 major septoria tritici blotch resistance genes have been mapped. Sources of quantitative resistance that are longer lasting under field conditions have also been identified.
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