Published in Scientific Papers. Series A. Agronomy, Vol. LXVI, Issue 2
Written by Vladislav HORSHCHAR, Mykola NAZARENKO
The object of research was the hereditary variability of a group of genotypes, selected in order to maximally characterize the existing biological diversity of winter wheat cultivated in Ukraine. Winter wheat dry seeds of eight varieties were acted with water (control) and ЕМS (ethylmethansulfonate) action in concentrations of 0.025%, 0.05%, 0.1%. An extremely high general mutation rates and variability in the spectra of changes was observed. The level of variability showed that the concentration of 0.05% was more promising in terms of the number of altered traits; it was also successful in inducing predominantly agronomical-valuable traits. (earliness, forms with long well-grained spike, short stem, semidwarf, with high photosynthetic ability, lines with high grain productive. New promising lines were identified with improved plant architecture, optimal ratio between grain and vegetative part of the plant (index of economic value). A further increase in the concentration of the mutagen to 0.1% only led to a decrease in variability and a smaller number of valuable forms. However, it can be used to obtain dwarf forms and forms with systemic changes in the spike.
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