Published in Scientific Papers. Series A. Agronomy, Vol. LXIV, Issue 2
Written by Alin POPA, Teodor RUSU, Alina ȘIMON, Florin RUSSU, Marius BĂRDAȘ, Vasile OLTEAN, Loredana SUCIU, Adina TĂRĂU, Nicu Claudiu MERCA
The yield of a crop is dependent on the interaction of biotic and abiotic factors, the most important being the pedo-climatic conditions and the attack of diseases and pests. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the impact of the interaction of biotic and abiotic factors on the yield of the Turda 332 maize hybrid in the period 2018-2020. A multifactorial experiment was organized, with the following graduations: factor A - climatic conditions in the experimental years (2018-2019-2020), factor B - tillage system (conventional, minimum tillage with chisel, minimum tillage with disc, no-tillage), factor C - foliar fertilizers (different grades of mineral fertilization with macro and microelements). The obtained results indicate that the way of processing the soil has an influence on the water reserve in the soil and on the yield elements, but the biggest impact has the environmental conditions, in 2018 and 2020, favorable years for maize cultivation, the yield was 8971 kg/ha respectively 8578 kg/ha, and in 2019, a less favorable year, the yield was 5581 kg/ha. The frequency and intensity of the attack of diseases and pests are influenced by the variation of climatic conditions, in 2018 and 2020 registering the highest frequency of attack, the tillage system as well by the level of fertilization, in the variants with foliar fertilization registering the lowest attack.
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