Published in Scientific Papers. Series A. Agonomy., Vol. LVI
Written by Lucreţiu Florin SCHITEA, Gheorghe MOTCĂ
Cultivating the most adequate hybrids, well adapted to specific environmental conditions, resistant to main abiotic (frost, drought) and biotic (insects and diseases) stress factors, with superior yielding ability and high quality potential facing all requirements under different cultivation areas, is recognized as major purpose in obtaining high economical performances for major crops, especially in maize. The aim of this research is studying yielding potential and quantification of 14 hybrid drought tolerance in field crops, under dry year conditions, 2012. The experiments were carried out in Romanian Plain, under both dry-land at Caracal, and irrigation at Br..ila. In 2012, in Southern of Romania, the cumulated rainfall during June and August was under multiannual average, insufficient for covering the corn water requirements. Thus, conditions were favorable to select the genotypes with a good drought resistance. The drought was very severe in Caracal, where the tested genotypes yielded, on an average, only 2.01t kernel ha-1, as compared to 8.08 t kernel ha-1in Brăila. The highest yield was obtained by the hybrid GW 8.7 t kernel ha-1, with 11.53 t kernel ha-1, under irrigation with 700 mm/ha, in Br..ila, followed by GW 49003 and GW 48002 with 10.58 and 10.05 t kernel ha-1, respectively. On average experiments, the hybrid GW 8691 emphasized by yield, achieving 7.04 t kernel ha-1. The yielding results are correlated with the water utilization degree. The water utilization degree during the entire vegetation period was different at all 14 hybrids and for each location apart. Among the two testing trials, the first place was occupied by the hybrids GW 8002 and GW 9003 with 13,0 and 12,8 kg kernel/mm water, respectively. The results are part of Ph.D. thesis.
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