Published in Scientific Papers. Series A. Agronomy, Vol. LXIV, Issue 1
Written by Olesea COJOCARU, Vladimir FILIPCIUC, Iurii ROZLOGA, Lilia BOAGHE
The research object of this study is the agricultural soils of the Republic of Moldova. From an economic point of view, they are attributed to the field of phytotechnics and soil resources in the agricultural economic sector. Greenhouse gas emissions (GHGE) from agriculture have three major sources of origin: enteric fermentation, manure management (both in the livestock sector) and agricultural soils (in the sector of plant and soil resources). The 2010 year was determined as the reference year for projections of CO2 emissions/seizures from agricultural soils in the Republic of Moldova. For modelling future emissions, the results of national inventory of GHG emissions for 1990-2012 were used as a basis. The projections of CO2 emissions from groundwater were developed for 2015, 2020, 2025 and 2030 after some scenarios (IPCC, 2016). With respect to green fertilizers (autumn vetch as an intermediate crop), the following basic parameters were taken into account: average green weight - 80%; average nitrogen content in the green mass - 0.8%; average productivity - 20 t/ha; 1.4 (or, in other words, 1 tonne of green lemon meal equivalent to 1.4 tonnes of manure). It is planned to sow autumn meadows as an intermediate crop used as a green fertilizer, and crop rotation will be as follows: autumn wheat or autumn barley - vetch as intermediate crop - corn or sunflower. The introduction of intermediate crops as a green fertilizer will be carried out in parallel with the implementation of the farming conservative system ("No-Till" and "Mini-Till"). Changing the use of agricultural land and soil management practices can greatly influence the organic carbon reserves in the soil. Carbon of organic origin and nitrogen are closely related to the organic matter (humus) content of the soil. Carbon leakage through the oxidation process due to land use changes and soil management practices are accompanied by the co-mineralization (biochemical decomposition) of the humus nitrogen. In the case of soil carbon losses, mineralized nitrogen is considered as an additional source of nitrogen available to convert to direct GHG emissions.
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