Published in Scientific Papers. Series A. Agronomy, Vol. LXII, Issue 1
Written by Viorel ILIE, Mircea MIHALACHE
The vermicompost (earthworm humus) is a particularly effective fertilizer for both vegetables and fruits, as well as for large crops. This fertilizer has, in a high percentage all of the 16 nutrients that are essential for plants. The vermicompost is obtained through the aid of Eisenia fetida (Savigny), also known as: "compost earthworm", "red earthworm", "redworm" "brandling worm". Eisenia fetida is a species of earthworm developed by researchers and geneticists in the 1950’s and 1960’s, having a much higher reproductive capacity and better adaptability to the living environment than other existing species. It was first used in the USA in farms where large quantities of biomass and natural fertilizers were needed. In addition, this species of earthworm processes large amounts of biodegradable organic waste more rapidly with maximum productivity of natural humus. Thanks to these benefits, farmers around the world began to grow earthworms and produce vermicompost in a growing number. One of the most important advantages of using the vermicompost is that it increases production, both in terms of quantity and quality. Another advantage is that it helps in the suppression of harmful fungi in the soil. These microorganisms produce hormones, vitamins, nutrients, enzymes, amino acids and minerals that are important for plants. The vermicompost has a positive effect not only on plants but also on the soil. It greatly improves the structure of the soil, decreasing its density, increasing the aeration and the absorption of nitrogen from the atmosphere. Therefore, it repairs the soils affected by the long-term use of chemical substances.
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